arXiv papers on the security (attacks and defenses) of AI-driven cyber-physical systems:
autonomous driving, robotics, drones/UAVs, and embodied AI. Harvested from
cs.LG, cs.CV, cs.CR, cs.CL, cs.AI, stat.ML, eess.IV, cs.RO, eess.SY, cs.SY
since 2013. Keyword harvest + distant-supervised TF-IDF/logistic-regression filter; confidence in brackets.
Total: 1120 papers.
Last update: 2026-09-21.

Most recent months

2026-09 (17 papers)

• [86%] Autonomous driving / vehicles LLMSec-AV: A Vulnerability Taxonomy and LLM-Driven Software Weakness Discovery Framework for Autonomous Vehicles
  Md. Wasiul Haque; Sagar Dasgupta; Mizanur Rahman
• [86%] Drones / UAV Project SCOUT: Interceptor Drone for Perimeter Defense
  Azmain Yousuf; Siwei Cai; Knut Peterson; Lifeng Zhou; David Han
• [82%] Autonomous driving / vehicles Mitigating Degradation Attacks in Cooperative Autonomous Driving via Intention Sharing: A Vehicle-in-the-Loop Study
  Prakhar Gupta; Tyler Ard; Rongyao Wang; Jagruti Sahoo; Judith Mwakalonge; Ardalan Vahidi; Yunyi Jia
• [81%] Robotics Resilient Control Loops in Autonomous Vehicles Under Adversarial Jamming via Spectral Perception and Network-Layer Failover
  Luis Barajas; Colin Jeardoe; Jaewon Kim; Eman Hammad
• [79%] Autonomous driving / vehicles Weather Data Spoofing Attacks on Rain-Adaptive Millimeter-Wave Frequency Selection in V2X Communication Networks
  Rasheed Bello; Idreez Yusuf; Justice Adjei Owusu; Oluwatobiloba Aiyewunmi; Gurcan Comert; Judith Mwakalonge; Esmail Abuhdima; Abdulmajid Mrebit; Rajab Ataai; Vaidyan Varghese
• [78%] Robotics "Your Robot Was Trained on a Lie": Collision Mesh Poisoning Attacks on Robotic Manipulation
  Gengyang Xu; Dongwei Xiao; Yiteng Peng; Yanbo Dai; Ruochen Zhou; Shing-Chi Cheung; Xiaoyu Ji; Wenyuan Xu; Shuai Wang
• [77%] Drones / UAV ASGARD: Action-Space Guard for UAV Resilience via Reinforcement Learning
  Mohsen Salehi; Karthik Pattabiraman
• [76%] Autonomous driving / vehicles Zonotope-Based Active Exposure of Stealthy Deception Attacks in Sensor-Fusion Systems
  Meiqi Tian; Shuo Li; Bingzhuo Zhong
• [76%] Embodied AI / VLA Beyond Patch Removal: Persistent Adversarial Effects in Vision-Language-Action Policies
  Enhao Wu; Fusen Guo; Yuxin Cao; Ziyang Lyu; Lin Li; Wei Song
• [72%] Embodied AI / VLA RobResilience: Implementing and Evaluating a Resilience Framework for Cyber-Physical Embodied Systems
  Gysella Imrell; Emanuele Miotto; Mahya Mohammadi Kashani; Mauro Conti; Alberto Giaretta
• [70%] Drones / UAV Game-Theoretic Drone Swarm Defense: A Case Study in Applied Differential Game Theory
  Ross E. Allen
• [67%] Robotics Seeing is Not Believing: Breaking the Physical-to-Digital Trust Boundary in Robotics
  Leming Shen; Shikai Geng; Yuanqing Zheng; Chris Xiaoxuan Lu
• [64%] CPS / other Robust Industrial Cyber Physical Classification Using Neuromorphic Temporal Embeddings and Hybrid SNN XGBoost Under Machine Unlearning Attacks
  Ammar Kamoona; Sajad Koushkbaghi; Mahdi Jalili; Peter McTaggart; Xinghuo Yu
• [62%] Robotics Practical Zero-Trust for Mission-Critical Robotic Fleets via Hardware Attestation and Packet Timing Watermarking
  Ryne Gonzales; Ethan Liesdyanto; Rex Worley; Michael Frederick; Jaewon Kim; Eman Hammad
• [61%] Autonomous driving / vehicles Illusion of Depth: Revealing Hidden Stereo Vision Vulnerabilities in Depth Estimation
  Sri Hrushikesh Varma Bhupathiraju; Tetsu Ishizue; Nicholas U. Costagliola; Ozora Sako; Kentaro Yoshioka; Takeshi Sugawara; Sara Rampazzi
• [54%] Embodied AI / VLA Modality-Decoupled Federated Learning for Privacy-Preserving Embodied Intelligence in 6G
  Zhuodong Liu; Xiangyu Li; Chunhong Yuan; Hongyang Du; Bodong Shang; Qingqing Wu; Tony Q. S. Quek; Mohsen Guizani
• [52%] Autonomous driving / vehicles Sybil-TraceGuard: Traceability-enhanced Sybil Guardian for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles Using Dynamic Semi-supervised GNN
  Qian Xu; Jiaxun Zhang; Chengyue Wang; Zhenning Li

2026-08 (37 papers)

• [96%] Embodied AI / VLA Hidden in Plain Sight: Diffusion-Based Unrestricted Robotic Attacks on Vision-Language-Action Models
  Jiahui Han; Yuhui Yao; Xin Wang; Jiafei Cao; Mingxuan Zhang; Danfeng Shan; Huiqi Deng; Guanchu Wang; Xia Hu
• [96%] Drones / UAV Phantom Navigator: Stealthy and Precise Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Redirection with Real-Time Tracking and GPS Spoofing
  Haocheng Meng; Shaocheng Luo; Songqiao Xie; Miroslav Pajic
• [94%] Robotics When Coordination Becomes a Threat: Communication Attacks in LLM-Controlled Multi-Robot Systems
  Zhen Huang; Zhihuang Liu; Weijia Shi; Yifan Yang; Weishang Wu; Zhiping Cai
• [92%] Robotics When Prompts Control Robots: Prompt Injection Attacks in Multi-Agent Robotic Systems
  Neha Nagaraja; Amisha Bagari; Hayretdin Bahsi
• [92%] Autonomous driving / vehicles Adversarial Calibration Attack on Autonomous Vehicles
  Liangkai Liu; Qingzhao Zhang; Kang G. Shin
• [91%] Robotics Structure-Aware Robust Fine-Tuning: Defending Vision-Language-Action Robots Against Physical Attention Hijacking
  Jinquan Zhang; Dongfu Yin; Run Yang; Yufeng Yan; Zhen Tian; F. Richard Yu
• [91%] Embodied AI / VLA Security of Foundation-Model-Powered Embodied Agents: Attack Surfaces, Attacks, Defenses, and Evaluation
  Jiawei Liu; Jiacheng Guo; Tian Zhang; Yiwei Xu; Juan Wang; Jinlin Fan; Bowen Xiao
• [90%] Embodied AI / VLA VLAGuard: A Framework for Evaluating and Mitigating Physical Attention Hijacking in Vision-Language-Action Robots within Wireless Sensor Networks
  Dongfu Yin; Jinquan Zhang
• [89%] Embodied AI / VLA CertVLA: Certified Defense against Physical Visual Attacks for Vision-Language-Action Models
  Hui Lu; Zhijie Peng; Yuqi Lin; Zaijia Yang; Jiaming He; Shuhan Ye; Yi Yu; Hanwei Zhu; Bingquan Shen; Alex Kot; Xudong Jiang
• [87%] Autonomous driving / vehicles Autonomous Cyber Defense in Connected Vehicles: A Multi-Agent Approach to V2X Security
  Krishna Teja Medam
• [85%] Drones / UAV Rigid-Covert GNSS Spoofing of UAV Swarms: A Structural Blind Spot, Its Detection Limit, and Absolute-Anchor Defenses
  Minseok Park; Joon Soo Yoo
• [85%] Autonomous driving / vehicles Distilling Vision-Language Models for Robust Traffic Sign Perception in Autonomous Vehicles
  Pedram MohajerAnsari; Amir Salarpour; Mert D. Pesé
• [85%] Embodied AI / VLA UniTexture: Cross-Task Universal Adversarial Textures for Vision-Language-Action Models
  Yukun Dai; Mingzhe Dai; Tianshi Wang; Fengling Li; Jingjing Li; Lei Zhu
• [83%] Autonomous driving / vehicles Physical Adversarial Examples for Person Detectors in Thermal Images Based on 3D Modeling
  Xiaopei Zhu; Siyuan Huang; Zhanhao Hu; Jianmin Li; Jun Zhu; Xiaolin Hu
• [82%] Robotics Hijacking Robots with a Piece of Paper: A Systematic Study of Physical Prompt Injection in VLM-Controlled Robots
  S. M . Bhagya P. Samarakoon; M. A. Viraj J. Muthugala; W. K. R. Sachinthana; Mohan Rajesh Elara
• [82%] Embodied AI / VLA Bit-Flip Attacks on Vision-Language-Action Models: Action-Decoding Architecture Shapes the Vulnerability
  Yudong Gao; Linghan Chen; Wenhan Wu; Mia Zhou; Jiyao Wang; Kaiyan Ji; Mingyu Guo; Honglong Chen
• [82%] Embodied AI / VLA Breaking Planner Integrity Boundary: Enviroment State-Text Injection Attack on LLM-Driven Embodied Agents
  Jiawei Liu; Jiacheng Guo; Tian Zhang; Yiwei Xu; Juan Wang; Jinlin Fan; Bowen Xiao; Chi Guo; Keyan Guo; Hongxin Hu
• [81%] Autonomous driving / vehicles An Inline Control Architecture for Language Models in Intelligent Transportation Systems
  Narendra Kumar Dewangan; Mounira Msahli
• [79%] Autonomous driving / vehicles High-Order Liquid Evidence Encoding for Gradual GNSS Spoofing Detection in Autonomous Driving
  Muhammad Ayub Sabir; Junbiao Pang; Fatima Ashraf
• [79%] Autonomous driving / vehicles AdROD: HyperNetwork-based Adversarially Robust Object Detection for Autonomous Driving
  Yuting Wu; Dongfang Guo; Xiangzhong Luo; Qun Song; Rui Tan
• [79%] Drones / UAV Securing Cooperative Sensing in UAV Swarms Against Conformity-Driven Byzantine Attacks
  Ruixing Ren; Junhui Zhao; Qiuping Li; He Fang; Jiamin Li; Dongming Wang
• [77%] Drones / UAV Conversational versus Dashboard Explainable AI for UAV Intrusion Detection: An Empirical Study of Operator Trust and Reliance
  Cong Chi Nguyen; Trang Mai Xuan; Vu-Duc Ngo; Kim-Ngan Thi Nguyen; Trong-Nghia Nguyen; Thien Van Luong
• [77%] Autonomous driving / vehicles LLM-Assisted Dynamic Threat Analysis for Attacker-Reachable Software Weaknesses in Autonomous Vehicles
  Md Wasiul Haque; Sagar Dasgupta; Mizanur Rahman; Md Rayhanur Rahman
• [76%] CPS / other Diff-DDoS: Realistic Cyber-Physical Attack Synthesis and Robust Detection for 5G-Enabled CPS Using Tabular Diffusion Models
  Bilal Hussain; Xiao Tang; Qinghe Du; Tan Li; Muhammad Azhar; Danista Khan
• [76%] Drones / UAV FlyBlind: Cross-Slice Timeliness Attacks on UAV Situational Awareness over 5G
  Wagner Comin Sonaglio; Ágney Lopes Roth Ferraz; Sidnei Barbieri; André Elias Melo; Guevara Noubir; Lourenço Alves Pereira Júnior
• [74%] Drones / UAV When Efficiency Becomes Fragility: Exploiting Dynamic Routing Vulnerabilities in Adaptive UAV Tracking
  Shaofeng Liang; Runwei Guan; Wenshuo Chen; Jiemin Wu; Bowen Tian; Haozhe Jia; Kaishen Yuan; Songning Lai; Daizong Liu; Yutao Yue
• [74%] CPS / other Graph-Native Attention Acceleration for Attack Detection in Cyber-Physical Systems
  Zhenan Feng; Ehsan Nekouei
• [71%] Robotics Benchmarking Identity-Sensitive LLM Outputs for Surveillance and Security Robots
  Nneka Hyman; Jasmine Khan; Raj Korpan
• [69%] Drones / UAV Energy as a Concealable State in Adversarial UAV Patrolling: Formulation, an Energy-Security Threshold, and the Limits of Self-Play
  Sai Krishna Reddy Mareddy
• [69%] Embodied AI / VLA TrapVLA: Trapping Vision-Language-Action Models in Configured Failure Modes
  Jun-Hui Liu; Kun-Yu Lin; Yi-Lin Wei; Xu-Han Chen; Yinghao Li; Zhuohao Li; Yuan-Ming Li; Qing Zhang; Xiaoyi Fan; Dongmei Jiang; Yan Li; Wei-Shi Zheng
• [67%] Embodied AI / VLA DRIFT: Derailing Denoising Trajectories of Flow-Matching VLAs with Adversarial Patch Attack
  Hoseong Tae; Jong-Seok Lee
• [67%] Autonomous driving / vehicles Threat-guided Policy-aware Scene Perturbation for Safe Autonomous Driving with Online Reinforcement Learning
  Xincong Hu; Lei Ou; Maosen Li; Jingtao Zhang; Liguo Hou; Zongzhang Zhang
• [65%] Drones / UAV SonicNudge: Controlled Displacement of Hovering UAVs via Estimator-Controller Coupling
  Shaocheng Luo; Ashir Raza; Haocheng Meng; David Hunt; Miroslav Pajic
• [58%] Robotics Trust-Aware Sequential Decision Making and Rollout Planning for Resilient Multi-Robot Systems
  Roee M. Francos; Daniel Garces; Orhan Eren Akgün; Nathaniel D. Bastian; Stephanie Gil
• [54%] CPS / other Resilient Consensus-Based Target Tracking under False Data Injection Attacks in Multi-Agent Networks
  Amir Ahmad Ghods; Mohammadreza Doostmohammadian
• [54%] Robotics Agentic Harnesses: LLM-Driven Verification Layers for Robot Autonomy
  Rohan Bhagra; Mahantesh Halapannavar; Uddhav Bhattarai
• [53%] Autonomous driving / vehicles VUPER: Verified ASN.1 UPER Parser
  Xiaotian Zhou; Kai Tu; Ali Ranjbar; Yilu Dong; Gang Tan; Syed Rafiul Hussain

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